RLTasksby ulam.ai
Models / DeepMind

DeepMind / MODEL EVIDENCE

Gopher (280B)

7 benchmarks · 22 observations · 7 sources · released 2021-12-08

Scores at a glance

7 benchmarks · large dot: Gopher (280B); small dots: closest models where reported

Closest models by score

Similar positions on shared benchmark leaderboards. Smaller gaps are closer.

How similarity is measured

Mean absolute gap in percentile positions on shared benchmark settings; lower is closer. At least 60% overlap is required, with a minimum of three when available. Independent evaluations are used when there are at least three; otherwise published report comparisons are used. Repeated model observations within one setting are averaged before ranking. Writing-style traits and composite indices are excluded. This describes similarity, not an overall quality ranking.

Filter comparisons to this model →

Sources

Every plotted observation links to its evaluation. Reported configurations, benchmark versions and task subsets can differ; similarity describes shared scores, not training lift.

  1. GLaM: Efficient Scaling of Language Models with Mixture-of-Experts ↗

    Du, Nan, Huang, Yanping, Dai, Andrew M., Tong, Simon, Lepikhin, Dmitry, Xu, Yuanzhong et al. · 2021

    All 27 authors

    Du, Nan, Huang, Yanping, Dai, Andrew M., Tong, Simon, Lepikhin, Dmitry, Xu, Yuanzhong, Krikun, Maxim, Zhou, Yanqi, Yu, Adams Wei, Firat, Orhan, Zoph, Barret, Fedus, Liam, Bosma, Maarten, Zhou, Zongwei, Wang, Tao, Wang, Yu Emma, Webster, Kellie, Pellat, Marie, Robinson, Kevin, Meier-Hellstern, Kathleen, Duke, Toju, Dixon, Lucas, Zhang, Kun, Le, Quoc V, Wu, Yonghui, Chen, Zhifeng, Cui, Claire

  2. Scaling Language Models: Methods, Analysis & Insights from Training Gopher ↗

    Rae, Jack W., Borgeaud, Sebastian, Cai, Trevor, Millican, Katie, Hoffmann, Jordan, Song, Francis et al. · 2021

    All 80 authors

    Rae, Jack W., Borgeaud, Sebastian, Cai, Trevor, Millican, Katie, Hoffmann, Jordan, Song, Francis, Aslanides, John, Henderson, Sarah, Ring, Roman, Young, Susannah, Rutherford, Eliza, Hennigan, Tom, Menick, Jacob, Cassirer, Albin, Powell, Richard, Driessche, George van den, Hendricks, Lisa Anne, Rauh, Maribeth, Huang, Po-Sen, Glaese, Amelia, Welbl, Johannes, Dathathri, Sumanth, Huang, Saffron, Uesato, Jonathan, Mellor, John, Higgins, Irina, Creswell, Antonia, McAleese, Nat, Wu, Amy, Elsen, Erich, Jayakumar, Siddhant, Buchatskaya, Elena, Budden, David, Sutherland, Esme, Simonyan, Karen, Paganini, Michela, Sifre, Laurent, Martens, Lena, Li, Xiang Lorraine, Kuncoro, Adhiguna, Nematzadeh, Aida, Gribovskaya, Elena, Donato, Domenic, Lazaridou, Angeliki, Mensch, Arthur, Lespiau, Jean-Baptiste, Tsimpoukelli, Maria, Grigorev, Nikolai, Fritz, Doug, Sottiaux, Thibault, Pajarskas, Mantas, Pohlen, Toby, Gong, Zhitao, Toyama, Daniel, d'Autume, Cyprien de Masson, Li, Yujia, Terzi, Tayfun, Mikulik, Vladimir, Babuschkin, Igor, Clark, Aidan, Casas, Diego de Las, Guy, Aurelia, Jones, Chris, Bradbury, James, Johnson, Matthew, Hechtman, Blake, Weidinger, Laura, Gabriel, Iason, Isaac, William, Lockhart, Ed, Osindero, Simon, Rimell, Laura, Dyer, Chris, Vinyals, Oriol, Ayoub, Kareem, Stanway, Jeff, Bennett, Lorrayne, Hassabis, Demis, Kavukcuoglu, Koray, Irving, Geoffrey

  3. Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models ↗

    Hoffmann, Jordan, Borgeaud, Sebastian, Mensch, Arthur, Buchatskaya, Elena, Cai, Trevor, Rutherford, Eliza et al. · 2022

    All 22 authors

    Hoffmann, Jordan, Borgeaud, Sebastian, Mensch, Arthur, Buchatskaya, Elena, Cai, Trevor, Rutherford, Eliza, Casas, Diego de Las, Hendricks, Lisa Anne, Welbl, Johannes, Clark, Aidan, Hennigan, Tom, Noland, Eric, Millican, Katie, Driessche, George van den, Damoc, Bogdan, Guy, Aurelia, Osindero, Simon, Simonyan, Karen, Elsen, Erich, Rae, Jack W., Vinyals, Oriol, Sifre, Laurent

  4. LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models ↗

    Touvron, Hugo, Lavril, Thibaut, Izacard, Gautier, Martinet, Xavier, Lachaux, Marie-Anne, Lacroix, Timothée et al. · 2023

    All 14 authors

    Touvron, Hugo, Lavril, Thibaut, Izacard, Gautier, Martinet, Xavier, Lachaux, Marie-Anne, Lacroix, Timothée, Rozière, Baptiste, Goyal, Naman, Hambro, Eric, Azhar, Faisal, Rodriguez, Aurelien, Joulin, Armand, Grave, Edouard, Lample, Guillaume

  5. The Falcon Series of Open Language Models ↗

    Almazrouei, Ebtesam, Alobeidli, Hamza, Alshamsi, Abdulaziz, Cappelli, Alessandro, Cojocaru, Ruxandra, Debbah, Mérouane et al. · 2023

    All 14 authors

    Almazrouei, Ebtesam, Alobeidli, Hamza, Alshamsi, Abdulaziz, Cappelli, Alessandro, Cojocaru, Ruxandra, Debbah, Mérouane, Goffinet, Étienne, Hesslow, Daniel, Launay, Julien, Malartic, Quentin, Mazzotta, Daniele, Noune, Badreddine, Pannier, Baptiste, Penedo, Guilherme

  6. Using DeepSpeed and Megatron to Train Megatron-Turing NLG 530B, A Large-Scale Generative Language Model ↗

    Smith, Shaden, Patwary, Mostofa, Norick, Brandon, LeGresley, Patrick, Rajbhandari, Samyam, Casper, Jared et al. · 2022

    All 20 authors

    Smith, Shaden, Patwary, Mostofa, Norick, Brandon, LeGresley, Patrick, Rajbhandari, Samyam, Casper, Jared, Liu, Zhun, Prabhumoye, Shrimai, Zerveas, George, Korthikanti, Vijay, Zhang, Elton, Child, Rewon, Aminabadi, Reza Yazdani, Bernauer, Julie, Song, Xia, Shoeybi, Mohammad, He, Yuxiong, Houston, Michael, Tiwary, Saurabh, Catanzaro, Bryan

  7. LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models ↗

    Touvron, Hugo, Lavril, Thibaut, Izacard, Gautier, Martinet, Xavier, Lachaux, Marie-Anne, Lacroix, Timothée et al. · 2023

    All 14 authors

    Touvron, Hugo, Lavril, Thibaut, Izacard, Gautier, Martinet, Xavier, Lachaux, Marie-Anne, Lacroix, Timothée, Rozière, Baptiste, Goyal, Naman, Hambro, Eric, Azhar, Faisal, Rodriguez, Aurelien, Joulin, Armand, Grave, Edouard, Lample, Guillaume

Names used in source tables

Gopher (280B) · Gopher 280B